COLONIAL BUNGALOW DESIGN IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY KARACHI: A CULTURAL IDENTITY BASIS FOR ARCHITECTURAL IDENTITY OF PAKISTAN |
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Arisa Samani & Baharak Tabibi Article DOI: www.doi.org/10.53700/jrap3122021_2 ABSTRACT Culture; the essence of Pakistan’s independence of 1947; has been impacted by various ideologies and civil powers like Mughals, Sikhs, Hindus, and most influential Britishers who ruled the land long before the country got its independence. Karachi, the port city of Pakistan has particularly attracted many powers for economic benefits, dominantly Britishers who later took over the land. Britishers brought the Bungalow-compound complex as a permanent residence typology due to their long stay in the city. The importation and transformation of this new housing typology have framed the architectural identity of Pakistan and have defined the lifestyle of its citizens, which is a cultural synthesis between the East and the West. Though the Bungalow design in Karachi has evolved with time as per the native’s culture and needs having different plot sizes, shapes/forms, open/built ratio, space arrangements, and materials that have changed its overall aesthetic point of view but the core remain the same. This research aims to analyse the British reign in pre-independence India through their socio-cultural, economic, and political influence on bungalow design and its transformation over time in the context of Karachi, Pakistan, i.e., Western influence combined with modernity. Keywords: Cultural Identity, Architectural Identity, Colonial Bangalows, Twenty- First Century Bangalows, Karachi | ||||||
Volume 31 Issue 2 ISSN (P) 1728-7715 - ISSN (E) 2519-5050 Issue DOI: www.doi.org/10.53700/jrap3122021 |
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